I-Ultrasonic Machining & Rotary Ultrasonic Machining & Ultrasonic Impact Grinding

Another popular NON-CONVENTIONAL MACHINING technique we frequently use is ULTRASONIC MACHINING (UM), also widely known as ULTRASONIC UKUSIYA OKUMTHELELA, lapho okubalulekile kukhishwa endaweni yokusebenza ngokucutshungulwa okuncane kanye nokuguguleka kwezinhlayiya ezilimazayo kusetshenziswa ithuluzi elidlidlizayo elizungezayo kumaza e-ultrasonic, okusizwa udaka olubi olugeleza ngokukhululekile phakathi kwendawo yokusebenza nethuluzi. Ihlukile kweminye imisebenzi eminingi yemishini evamile ngoba ukushisa okuncane kakhulu kukhiqizwa. Iphuzu lethuluzi le-ultrasonic machining libizwa ngokuthi “i-sonotrode” edlidliza kuma-amplitudes ka-0.05 kuya ku-0.125 mm namafrikhwensi azungeze u-20 kHz. Ukudlidliza kwethiphu kudlulisa isivinini esikhulu ezinhlamvwini ezilumayo phakathi kwethuluzi nangaphezulu kwendawo yokusebenza. Ithuluzi alilokothi lixhumane ne-workpiece ngakho-ke ingcindezi yokugaya akuvamile ukuba ibe ngaphezu kwamaphawundi angu-2. Lesi simiso sokusebenza senza lo msebenzi usebenze kahle ekwenzeni izinto zokwakha eziqine kakhulu neziphukayo, njengengilazi, isafire, irubi, idayimane, nezitsha zobumba. Izinhlamvu ezihlabayo zitholakala ngaphakathi kwe-slurry yamanzi ngokugxila phakathi kuka-20 kuya ku-60% ngevolumu. I-slurry iphinde isebenze njengomthwali wemfucumfucu kude nendawo yokusika / yomshini. Sisebenzisa njengezinhlamvu ezinamaqabunga ngokuvamile i-boron carbide, i-aluminium oxide ne-silicon carbide enosayizi wokusanhlamvu kusukela kwayi-100 ngezinqubo zokugoqa kuya ku-1000 ngezinqubo zethu zokuqeda. Inqubo ye-ultrasonic-machining (UM) ifaneleka kakhulu ezintweni eziqinile neziphukayo njenge-ceramics nengilazi, ama-carbides, amatshe ayigugu, izinsimbi eziqinile. Ukuphela kokusebenza kwe-ultrasonic machining kuncike ebukhuni be-workpiece/ithuluzi kanye nesilinganiso sobubanzi bezinhlamvu ezihuquzelayo ezisetshenzisiwe. Ithiphu yethuluzi ngokuvamile iyinsimbi enekhabhoni ephansi, i-nickel nezinsimbi ezithambile ezinamathiselwe ku-transducer ngesibambi samathuluzi. Inqubo ye-ultrasonic-machining isebenzisa ukuguqulwa kwepulasitiki kwensimbi kwethuluzi kanye nokuqina kwe-workpiece. Ithuluzi liyadlidliza futhi liphushele phansi odongeni olubi oluqukethe okusanhlamvu kuze kube yilapho izinhlamvu zithinta ucezu lomsebenzi oluphukayo. Phakathi nalokhu kusebenza, i-workpiece iphukile ngenkathi ithuluzi ligoba kancane kakhulu. Ngokusebenzisa ama-abrasives amahle, singakwazi ukufeza ukubekezelelana kwe-dimensional kuka-0.0125 mm futhi okungcono nakakhulu nge-ultrasonic-machining (UM). Isikhathi somshini sincike kubuningi lapho ithuluzi lidlidliza khona, usayizi wokusanhlamvu nobulukhuni, kanye ne-viscosity yoketshezi oludaka. Uma i-viscous encane i-slurry fluid, ingathwala ngokushesha i-abrasive esetshenzisiwe. Usayizi wokusanhlamvu kufanele ulingane noma ube mkhulu kunobulukhuni bomsebenzi wokusebenza. Njengesibonelo singakwazi umshini izimbobo eziningi eziqondanisiwe ezingu-0.4 mm ububanzi kumugqa wengilazi ongu-1.2 mm obanzi ngomshini we-ultrasonic.

 

 

 

Ake singene kancane ku-physics yenqubo ye-ultrasonic machining. I-Microchipping in machining ultrasonic kungenzeka ngenxa yokucindezeleka okuphezulu okukhiqizwa yizinhlayiya ezishaya indawo eqinile. Izikhathi zokuxhumana phakathi kwezinhlayiya nezindawo zifushane kakhulu futhi zilandelana ngama-microsecond ayi-10 kuye kwayi-100. Isikhathi sokuxhumana singavezwa ngokuthi:

 

kuya = 5r/Co x (Co/v) exp 1/5

 

Nansi i-r iyi-radius yezinhlayiya eziyindilinga, i-Co isivinini segagasi esinwebekayo endaweni yokusebenza (Co = sqroot E/d) futhi v yijubane uhlamvu olushaya ngalo phezulu.

 

Amandla ezinhlayiyana eziwasebenzisayo endaweni atholakala ngesilinganiso sokushintsha komfutho:

 

F = d(mv)/dt

 

Nansi i-m inqwaba yokusanhlamvu. Amandla amaphakathi ezinhlayiya (izinhlamvu) ezishaya futhi ziphindaphindeka ukusuka phezulu yilezi:

 

I-Favg = 2mv / kuya

 

Nasi isikhathi sokuxhumana. Uma izinombolo zixhunywa kule nkulumo, siyabona ukuthi nakuba izingxenye zincane kakhulu, njengoba indawo yokuxhumana nayo incane kakhulu, amandla futhi ngaleyo ndlela ukucindezeleka okukhishwayo kuphezulu kakhulu ukuze kubangele i-microchipping kanye nokuguguleka.

 

 

 

I-ROTARY ULTRASONIC MACHINING (RUM): Le ndlela iwukuhluka komshini we-ultrasonic, lapho sishintsha khona udaka olulumayo ngethuluzi elinama-abrasive edayimane aboshwe ngensimbi afakwe ngaphakathi noma afakwe ugesi endaweni yamathuluzi. Ithuluzi liyazungezisa futhi lidlidliza nge-ultrasonically. Sicindezela i-workpiece ngokucindezela njalo ngokumelene nethuluzi elijikelezayo nelidlidlizayo. Inqubo ye-rotary ultrasonic machining isinika amakhono afana nokukhiqiza izimbobo ezijulile ezintweni eziqinile ngamazinga aphezulu okususwa kwezinto.

 

 

 

Njengoba sisebenzisa izindlela eziningi zokukhiqiza ezivamile nezingezona ezejwayelekile, singaba usizo kuwe noma nini lapho unemibuzo mayelana nomkhiqizo othile kanye nendlela esheshayo neyonga kakhulu yokukhiqiza nokuwenza.